Steven Paul Jobs (born in San Francisco, California, United States, February 24, 1955, age 54 years) is the leader of Apple Computer with Steve Wozniak and the main character in the computer industry. As co-founder (with Steve Wozniak) Apple Computer in 1976, he popularized the concept of home computer with the Apple II. Later, he was one person who first realized the potential to commercialize a graphical user interface (graphical user interface) and a mouse that was developed at Palo Alto Research Center Xerox company, and then the technology is applied into the Apple Macintosh.Jobs also led the Pixar Animation Studios, a leading company in the world of computer animated big screen. has become a multi-millionaire before the age of 30 years. Starting with NeXT company to make the education system at an affordable price, find that selling software is better than selling hardware.
Born in San Francisco by her mother Joanne Simpson and her father Abdulfattah Jandali guest student from Syria who later became a professor of political science. Since the baby he was adopted Paul and Clara Jobs of Mountain View, Santa Clara County California. Adoptive parents is what gives the name of Steve Jobs. Biological parents later married and gave her younger sister named Mona Simpson is now famous as a novelist.
He passed the junior high and high school in Curpetino, Califonia, often after school hours to teach at Hewlett Packard Company in Palo Alto, California. So no wonder that soon after he and Steve Wozniak quickly became a part-time workers in this company. In 1972, Jobs graduated from Homestead High School in Cupertino, California and was accepted at Reed College in Portland, Oregon, but expelled / dropped out after one semester. But he immediately signed up to Reed College, one of the things learned here calligraphy. "If I was never excluded from the study only one semester may not be current Mac has multiple typefaces or fonts are proportional," he said.
In the autumn of 1974, Jobs returned to California and began attending meetings of "Homebrew Computer Club" with Steve Wozniak. He and Wozniak together to work on Atari Inc.., A manufacturer of the famous computer game, where he served as a game designer. The motivation then was to collect money for a spiritual journey to India.
Jobs then traveled to India for spiritual enlightenment with his friend at Reed College, Daniel Kottke, who later became the first Apple employee. Back from India he became a Buddhist with hair shaved / shaven and wearing traditional Indian clothing (monk?). During this period he practiced psychedelics (a kind of meditation, then Jobs are often considered weird, because walking barefoot over the snow-consciousness is a kind of meditation). These are two or three most important things in life that he's ever done in his life.
In 1976, Jobs, age 21, and Wozniak, 26, founded Apple Computer Co.. in the Jobs family garage. Personal computer Jobs and Wozniak introduced the Apple I. The given name The computer was sold for U.S. $ 666.66, in reference to the phone number of Wozniak's Dial-A-Joke machine, which ended in -6666.
In 1977, Jobs and Wozniak introduced the Apple II, which became a huge success in the home market and give Apple a big influence on the personal computer industry is still young. In 1980, Apple Computer became a publicly traded corporation, and with a successful initial stock offerings, Jobs added. That same year, Apple Computer released the Apple III, but less success.
Year 1984 be the year of introduction of the Macintosh, the first computer sold to the market by presenting a graphical user interface features. Mac Development coined by Jef Raskin and the team uses technology that has been developed not by Apple, as in Xerox's PARC, but have not been commercialized. The success of Apple's Macintosh makes abandoning the Apple II for the Mac product line, which continues to this day.
Although Jobs is very persuasive and charismatic for Apple, Many consider him as a leader who easily changes his mind and beremosi high. In 1985, after much cause leadership problem within Apple, Sculley Jobs dismissed from his post and expelled from Apple.
Once out of Apple, Jobs founded another computer company, NeXT Computer is like Lisa, NeXT classified as very advanced in terms of technology, but never became famous, except in the scope of scientific research. (Tim Berners-Lee developed the World Wide Web system at CERN using a NeXT workstation.) But NeXT help advance technologies such us object-oriented programs, PostScript, and magneto-optical devices.
In 1996, Apple bought NeXT for U.S. $ 402 million, and brought Jobs back to the company that he founded. In 1997 he became temporary leader at Apple after Gil Amelio's departure.
With the purchase of NeXT, much of the NeXT technology applied to the products made by Apple, especially NeXTSTEP, which evolved into Mac OS X. Jobs Under the guidance of the company increased its sales after introducing the iMac. iMac is the first computer sold with emphasis on their appearance (although the iMac is also much use of advanced technology in it). Since then, the appearance of an attractive and well-known brands that has provided benefits for Apple.
Recently, Apple began to develop wings. With the introduction of the iPod portable music devices, software iTunes, and iTunes Music Store, the company is doing a breakthrough in the field of personal electronic equipment and music online. While stimulating innovation, Jobs also reminds his men that, "a true artist to fruition," (real artists ship) that the intention is, producing works in a timely manner is as important as product innovation and telling.
Jobs worked at Apple for several years with a salary of U.S. $ 1/tahun. Hence he is listed in the Guinness Book of World Records as the "leader of the company with the lowest salary" (Lowest Paid Chief Executive Officer). After Apple started to make a profit reselling the company was releasing his title as interim leader. Today at Apple's earnings were U.S. $ 219 million, according to an article written on the Bloomberg site in 2003.
Jobs is admired for his skills to convince people and become a superior salesman, who is often called the reality distortion field and this was evident when he gave the keynote speeches at Apple Expos. However, persistence has also been invited bad luck. Violence head may have caused Apple to lose a golden opportunity to become leaders in the field of personal computers. Keenganannya to let other companies make compatible with Macintosh computers that Apple had to swallow defeat resulted in the capture of existing computer users. Hardware and software company finally decided to adopt the IBM PC platform that uses Microsoft's operating system. Microsoft later also catch up with Apple by developing a graphical user interface made their own, Microsoft Windows.
In 1986, Jobs founded (with Edwin Catmull) Pixar, a computer animation studio in Emeryville, California. The company was founded from what was formerly Lucasfilm's computer graphics division, which Jobs bought from its founder, George Lucas, U.S. $ 10 million. A decade later, Pixar developed into a popular and successful with the breakthrough film Toy Story. Since then Pixar has produced films that won the Academy Award of Finding Nemo and The Incredibles. Because of his leadership at Pixar and also kemapanannya at Apple, Jobs is considered by many observers to the entertainment industry one replacement candidate Michael Eisner as the leader of The Walt Disney Company, which distributes and finance films made by Pixar.
